Please note that the “Additional Information” tab will only show if the product has weight, dimensions or attributes (with “Visible on the product page” checked). If you try to apply a change to that tab and if the product does not have weight, dimensions or attribute, you will get an error message.

In that case, you have to use WooCommerce conditional tags:
has_attributes()
has_dimensions()
has_weight()

Add this code to your child theme’s functions.php file or via a plugin that allows custom functions to be added, such as the Dessky Snippets plugin. Please don’t add custom code directly to your parent theme’s functions.php file as this will be overwritten completely when you update the theme.

/**
 * Check if product has attributes, dimensions or weight to override the call_user_func() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback error when changing the additional tab
 */
add_filter( 'woocommerce_product_tabs', 'woo_rename_tabs', 98 );

function woo_rename_tabs( $tabs ) {

	global $product;
	
	if( $product->has_attributes() || $product->has_dimensions() || $product->has_weight() ) { // Check if product has attributes, dimensions or weight
		$tabs['additional_information']['title'] = __( 'Product Data' );	// Rename the additional information tab
	}
 
	return $tabs;
 
}